GOVERNANCE, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PUBLIC SECURITY: AN EMPIRICAL STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL

Abstract

This study examines the empirical relationships between governance, intellectual capital formation, and quality of life in contexts shaped by public security challenges. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed, using standardized scales to measure governance practices, intellectual capital dimensions, and quality of life perceptions. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling to test direct and indirect effects among the constructs. The results indicate that governance exerts a strong positive influence on intellectual capital, which in turn significantly enhances quality of life. Although governance also shows a direct effect on quality of life, its indirect impact through intellectual capital is more substantial, confirming a partial mediation structure. The proposed model demonstrates satisfactory fit indices and provides a robust explanation of how governance generates intangible resources that translate into improved well-being and perceived safety. The findings highlight the strategic role of governance-oriented policies aimed at strengthening knowledge, institutional learning, and social relationships as a pathway to sustainable quality of life in public security environments.